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In Greek mythology, the people of Athens were at one point compelled by King Minos of Crete to choose 14 young noble citizens (seven young men and seven maidens) to be offered as sacrificial victims to the half-human, half-bovine monster Minotaur for devour in retribution for the death of Minos' son Androgeos. The victims were drawn by lots, were required to go unarmed, and would end up either being consumed by Minotaur or getting lost and perishing in the Labyrinth, the maze-like structure where Minotaur was kept. The offerings were to take place every one, seven or nine years and actually lasted until Theseus volunteered to join the third group of the would-be victims, killed the monster and led his companions safely out of the Labyrinth.〔Pseudo-Apollodorus, ''Bibliotheca'', 3. 15. 8〕〔Diodorus Siculus, ''Library of History'', 4. 61. 4〕〔Plutarch, ''Life of Theseus'', 15. 1 - 2〕〔Servius on ''Aeneid'', 16. 4〕 Plutarch in his ''Life of Theseus'' cites a rationalized version of this myth, referring to Philochorus who in his turn claimed to be following a local Cretan tradition. According to it, the young people were not actually killed but given as prizes to winners of the funeral games of Androgeos. The Labyrinth was an ordinary dungeon where they were temporarily put. The winner who received them as prize was Taurus, the most powerful general of Minos; he mistreated the young people, thus gaining the reputation of a monster. Plutarch further cites Aristotle's non-extant ''The Constitution of the Bottiaeans'', in which the young Athenians were reportedly said to not have been killed in Crete, but enslaved for the rest of their lives. Moreover, when, generations later, the Cretans sent an offering of their firstborn to Delphi in fulfillment of an oath, descendants of these Athenians happened to be among those sent. The whole group settled at Delphi but soon came to be unable to sustain themselves so they proceeded to move first to Iapygia in Italy and then to Bottiaea in Thrace.〔Plutarch, ''Life of Theseus,'' 16. 1 - 2〕 ==Names== The individual names of the youths and maidens that sailed to Crete together with Theseus are very poorly preserved in extant sources. All of the recoverable information is collected in W. H. Roscher's ''Ausführliches Lexikon der griechischen und römischen Mythologie'', which provides four alternate lists of names.〔Wilhelm Heinrich Roscher (ed.): ''Ausführliches Lexikon der griechischen und römischen Mythologie''. Band V (T), Leipzig, 1916-1924, ss. 691 - 692〕 These are as follows. List 1 (based on the largely corrupt one found in Servius,〔Servius on ''Aeneid'', 6. 21〕 with variant emendations by different scholars) ''Young men:'' #Hippophorbas, son of Alypus/Aethlius or Eurybius/Elatus #Idas, son of Arcas #Antimachus/Antiochus, son of Euander #Menestheus/Menesthes of Sounion #()phidocus of Rhamnous #Demoleon, son of Cydon/Cydas/Cydamus #Porphyrion, son of Celeus ''Maidens:'' #Periboea/Eriboea, daughter of Alcathous #Melanippe/Medippe/Melippe, daughter of Pyrrhus/Perius/Pylius #Hesione, daughter of Celeus #Andromache, daughter of Eurymedon #Eurymedusa, daughter of Polyxenus #Europe, daughter of Laodicus #Melite, daughter of Tricorythus/Tricolonus/Triagonus List 2 (source: painting on François Vase; CIG 4. 8185) ''Young men:'' #Phaedimus #Daedochus (=Dadouchus; or Dailochus?) #()rysthenes #Heuchistratus (=Euxistratus) #Antiochus #Hernipus (=Hermippus) #Procritus ''Maidens:'' #Hip()odameia #Menestho #Coronis #Damasistrate #Asteria #Lysidice #Eriboea List 3 (source: black-figure painting on a vessel by Archicles and Glaucytes, from Vulci, in Munich; CIG 4. 8139) ''Young men:'' #Lycinus #Antias #Simon #Lycius #Solon #Timo... ''Maidens:'' #Euanthe #Anthylla #Glyce #Enpedo (=Empedo〔Empedo was also the name of a spring on the Acropolis, later known as Clepsydra; see scholia on Aristophanes, ''Wasps'', 857; on ''Lysistrata'' 913; Hesychius of Alexandria s.v. ''Klepsydra''; ''Lexicon'', Band I, s. 1243〕) #Eutil... #Eunice List 4 (incomplete; source: black-figure painting on a different vase from Vulci, in Leiden; CIG 4. 7719) ''Young men:'' #Phaenip()us #Astydamas #Callicrates #Procritus ''Maidens:'' #Ti()ice #Demodice Of these only Eriboea (Periboea), the daughter of Alcathous, does appear in extant literary sources〔See Bacchylides, Ode 17, lines 8 - 16; Hyginus, ''Astronomica'', 2. 5. for the elaborate story of Theseus defending her against Minos' attempts of sexual abuse on the way from Athens to Crete〕 and has a surviving independent mythological backstory.〔She was mother by Telamon of Ajax the Great; the most detailed story of her marriage to Telamon in Pseudo-Plutarch, ''Greek and Roman Parallel Stories'', 27〕 It is also remarked in the ''Lexicon'' that some of the names on Servius' list have been observed to correspond to names of the Attic demes (viz. Antiochus : Antiochis; Cydas/Cydamus : Cydantidae; Melite: Melite (deme) and Melite (heroine); name of Melite's father : Tricorynthus), which makes it more or less safe to assume that they may have come from an epic poem about Theseus. The vase painters, on the other hand, could have simply made the names up, although those on Lists 2 and 4 have been found reminiscent of the epic tradition as well.〔''Lexicon'', Band V, s. 692〕 The name Procritus, appearing on two of the four lists, has been compared to "Procris", although others suggested the reading "Herocritus" instead.〔''Lexicon'', Band III.2, s. 3027〕 The names Polyxenus, Celeus and Menestheus on List 1 (if restored correctly) also remind of the Attic heroes Polyxenus, Celeus and Menestheus. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sacrificial victims of Minotaur」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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